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As the spread of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever is increasing, atypical manifestations are also onthe rise, although they may be under reported because of lack of awareness. This review compiles descriptions of atypical mani...
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As the spread of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever is increasing, atypical manifestations are also onthe rise, although they may be under reported because of lack of awareness. This review compiles descriptions of atypical manifestations of dengue, such as dengue encephalitis, dengue myocarditis, dengue hepatitis and dengue cholecystitis.
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Background: Dengue fever has become a major public health concern in our country, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Because there is no definite drug or commercially available vaccine for dengue, prevention is the only ...
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Background: Dengue fever has become a major public health concern in our country, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Because there is no definite drug or commercially available vaccine for dengue, prevention is the only option. As a result, early reporting of dengue cases is required in order to implement preventive measures before the disease spreads to epidemic proportions. Therefore, healthcare providers should notify every dengue incident to local authorities in the current format, including the District Health Officer or Chief Medical Officer of district concerned and the Municipal Health Officer of municipality concerned every week (daily during the transmission period). Materials and Methods: The data on dengue (2015-2021 till Oct.) was available at the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, and has been used in this paper. Results and discussion: During the last two decades (2000-2009 and 2010-2019), significant geographical spread of the dengue has been experienced in India with the repeated outbreaks, and an 11 fold increase in number of cases. Despite an increase in the incidence of dengue fever, the case fatality rate in India has decreased from 3.3% in 1996 to 0.4% in 2010 to 0.1% in 2019. Early diagnosis and timely referral play a critical role in bringing down Case Fatality Rate (CFR). Conclusion: Dengue is a manifestation arising from the process of increasing vector density and adaptation to human habitation, as well as human lifestyle transformation, unplanned developmental activities exacerbated by climate change.
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Aim of the study: Dengue infection occurs almost all over subtropical and tropical countries. Dengue pathogenesis explaining its clinical manifestations is still unclear. Indonesia is a country with several hyperendemic regions. T...
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Aim of the study: Dengue infection occurs almost all over subtropical and tropical countries. Dengue pathogenesis explaining its clinical manifestations is still unclear. Indonesia is a country with several hyperendemic regions. The study was aimed to investigate the incidence rate, sero-epidemiology, and the relationship between the serotype and the clinical severity of dengue viral infection in paediatric patients from Gondokusuman, Yogyakarta. Material and methods: It was an epidemiological research with prospective observational design reviewing febrile paediatric patients involved in "A Prospective Sero-epidemiology Study on Dengue Children Infection in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 1995-1999 cohort study." Febrile paediatric patients were diagnosed for dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever, or dengue shock syndrome based on World Health Organization 1997 criteria. Serological diagnosis was performed using PRNT and serotype identification was performed by viral culture isolation and RT-PCR. Results: Laboratory data (PRNT, ELISA, RT-PCR and Isolation) showed that there were 220 children (130 males and 90 females) from 509 febrile patients among 2149 paediatric subjects who were infected with dengue virus. Based on serotype identification, the following dengue virus serotype distributions were identified: DEN-1 26.81%, DEN-2 23.18%, DEN-3 22.72%, DEN-4 8.63%, and unidentified 18.63%. Clinical severities observed were as follows: dengue fever 78.6%, dengue haemorrhagic fever 18.2%, and dengue shock syndrome 3.2%. In the case of primary infection, only DEN-3 could cause severe clinical manifestations. Conclusions: Gondokusuman region in Yogyakarta could be classified as a hyperendemic region between 1995 and 1999 with the highest risk of severe clinical manifestations shown for DEN-3 during both, primary and secondary infection. ? 2016 Pediatr Med Rodz.
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The global spread of dengue fever within and beyond the usual tropical boundaries threatens a large percentage of the world's population, as human and environmental conditions for persistence and even spread are present in all con...
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The global spread of dengue fever within and beyond the usual tropical boundaries threatens a large percentage of the world's population, as human and environmental conditions for persistence and even spread are present in all continents. The disease causes great human suffering, a sizable mortality from dengue haemorrhagic fever and its complications, and major costs. This situation has worsened in the recent past and may continue to do so in the future. Efforts to decrease transmission by vector control have failed, and no effective antiviral treatment is available or foreseeable on the immediate horizon. A safe and effective vaccine protective against all serotypes of dengue viruses is sorely needed.
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Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito borne virus infection which is endemic to the tropical regions of the world. In Sri Lanka, the first sero-positive case was reported in the 1960s; since then the island has experienced several outbr...
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Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito borne virus infection which is endemic to the tropical regions of the world. In Sri Lanka, the first sero-positive case was reported in the 1960s; since then the island has experienced several outbreaks of DF/dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). The disease is more prevalent in some parts of the country where rapid urbanisation has taken place. Diagnosis of DF/DHF is mainly done using the clinical features only due to the unavailability of laboratory diagnosis in many parts of the country and this might lead to over or under diagnosis of the disease. A rational diagnostic approach which combines the history and clinical profiles together with specific virological laboratory data would help in the correct identification of the disease. Furthermore, a feasible algorithm for the laboratory diagnosis of dengue will help to confirm the cases with a high level of clinical suspicion. This would then facilitate the notification of correctly identified cases to the public health authorities to assess the dengue burden. The scope of this review is to improve the existing laboratory diagnosis of DF/DHF by proposing a feasible algorithm to implement in Sri Lanka that would enable better detection of cases.
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Background: Fifty cases of fever, clinically suspected to be dengue were studied.Methods: Complete clinical, haematological evaluation and IgM capture assay was done.Result: 54% of patients clinically suspected to have dengue were...
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Background: Fifty cases of fever, clinically suspected to be dengue were studied.Methods: Complete clinical, haematological evaluation and IgM capture assay was done.Result: 54% of patients clinically suspected to have dengue were positive for IgM antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA). The commonest clinical feature was fever with rash (85%). Thrombocytopenia was seen in 19 % of patients only.One patient died of dengue shock syndrome (DSS).Conclusion: Out of the 27 cases of seropositive dengue there was one death due to dengue shock syndrome. Thrombocytopeniamay not always be a feature of dengue.
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Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to play an important role in dengue disease pathogenesis. In the present study, to find out whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pro-inflammatory an...
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Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to play an important role in dengue disease pathogenesis. In the present study, to find out whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes are associated with dengue disease severity, SNPs in TNF, IFNG, IL1B, IL8, IL0, IL17A and IL17F genes were investigated using polymerase chain reaction based methods in 132 dengue (DEN) cases [87 dengue fever (DF), 45 dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) cases] and 108 apparently healthy controls (HC) from Pune, Maharashtra, western India. Under recessive genetic model (C/C vs. T/T + T/C), the TNF rs1799964 C/C genotype was significantly associated with DEN [P = 0.014, OR with 95% CI 3.07 (1.18-7.98)]. Frequency of T/C genotype of IL17F rs763780 was significantly lower in DEN group as compared to HC [P = 0.033, OR with 95% CI 0.43 (0.19-0.95)]. Under overdominant genetic model (A/T vs. A/A + T/T), IL8 rs4973 A/T genotype was negatively associated with DHF compared to HCs [p = 0.029, OR with 95% Cl 0.43 (0.20-0.93)]. Under overdominant genetic model, A/G genotype of IL10 rs1800871 was significantly negatively associated with DHF compared to DF cases [p = 0.014, OR with 95% CI 0.35 (0.15-0.84)]. Significantly higher frequency of the combined genotype IL10 A/A-IFNG A/T and lower frequency of the combined genotypes IL10 A/G-IL1B A/A, IL10 A/G-IL8 A/T and IL10 A/G-IL17F T/T were observed in DHF cases compared to DF. The results suggest that heterozygous genotypes of IL8 rs4973 and IL10 rs1800871 are associated with reduced risk of DHF. Combinations of IL10 rs1800871 and pro-inflammatory cytokine genotypes influence the risk of DHF. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Background: Evidence indicates that socio-economic status (SES) may affect health outcomes in patients with chronic diseases. However, little is known about the impact of SES on the prognosis of acute dengue. This nationwide cohor...
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Background: Evidence indicates that socio-economic status (SES) may affect health outcomes in patients with chronic diseases. However, little is known about the impact of SES on the prognosis of acute dengue. This nationwide cohort study determined the risk of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Taiwanese dengue fever patients from 2000 to 2014.
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Background: Dengue viruses, single-stranded positive polarity ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses of the family Flaviviridae, are the most common cause of arboviral disease in the world and has turned this disease into a serious public...
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Background: Dengue viruses, single-stranded positive polarity ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses of the family Flaviviridae, are the most common cause of arboviral disease in the world and has turned this disease into a serious public health problem. Aims: To study retrospectively the incidence of laboratory confirmed dengue cases among the clinically suspected patients, the clinical profile of dengue-positive cases, and to co-relate with the environmental conditions. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and eighty blood sample was collected in the microbiology laboratory of district hospital Singtam, from clinically suspected cases of dengue infection, from 22nd August 2013 till 30th November 2013 for rapid dengue kit test initially followed by confirmation test by Immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture ELISA test. Conclusions: Fever with myalgia should be evaluated for Dengue fever (DF) in Sikkim, northeastern part of India. We also report the first outbreak of dengue fever in the east district (Singtam) of Sikkim.
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Objective: We conducted this study to review deaths due to dengue fever (DF) during a large outbreak of DF in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: We reviewed deaths due to DF at Jinnah Hospital Lahore between August and November 2011. Clin...
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Objective: We conducted this study to review deaths due to dengue fever (DF) during a large outbreak of DF in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: We reviewed deaths due to DF at Jinnah Hospital Lahore between August and November 2011. Clinical and laboratory data were ^w>ed. The 2011 World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia (WHO SEARO) guidelines were used to classify the disease. Results: Out of 128,634 probable DF patients who visited the outpatient department, 2313 patients were hospitalized; 1699 (73.3%) were male. RT-PCR was positive in 92 of 114 hospitalized patients (DENV-2 in 91 patients and DENV-3 in 1 patient). Sixty dengue-related deaths were reported; 41 (68.3%) were male. The mean age (± standard deviation) was 44 (± 20.5) y. The diagnosis at the time of presentation was DF in 5 (8.3%), dengue haemorrhagic fever without shock in 16 (26.6%), dengue shock syndrome in 20 (33%), and expanded dengue syndrome in 19 (31.7%) patients. Expanded dengue syndrome included encephalopathy in 12 (20%) patients, intracerebral bleed in 3 (5%), multiorgan failure in 3 (5%), and Guillain-Barre syndrome in 1 (1.6%). Twenty-nine (48.3%) patients had at least 1 comorbidity. Conclusion: Dengue shock syndrome and expanded dengue syndrome were the most common causes of death.
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